Beginners often overthink the language question and end up learning none while they decide. For AI, the answer is refreshingly simple for almost everyone: start with Python, and for a long time that is all you need.
Python, first and mostly
Python is the default language of AI and machine learning. The major libraries, tutorials and jobs assume it. Learning Python well covers the large majority of what a beginner will do. If you only ever learn one language for AI, make it this one - see should I learn Python before AI.
What about the others?
- SQL - not a "programming language" as such, but essential for working with data; learn it alongside Python
- R - useful in statistics-heavy analytics roles, optional otherwise
- JavaScript - relevant if you build AI into web apps
- Others (C++, Java) - specialist, later, only if a role demands it
For a beginner, none of these should come before Python.
Do you need any language at all?
If your goal is applying AI rather than building it, you may need no coding language. Understanding AI: What Leaders Need to Know and Strategic Application of AI in Business require none. Decide your lane using AI jobs vs AI development.
Learn it in context
Do not learn Python in a vacuum. Learn just enough to start an AI course, then deepen as projects demand - the just-in-time approach sticks best.
The bottom line
Python first, SQL alongside for data, and everything else only if a specific role requires it. If you are applying AI rather than building it, you may need no language at all. Next: what math do I need for AI.